How To Put Screen In Specific Spot In Python Pygame

In this Python tutorial, we will learn how to put the screen in a specific spot in python pygame. To control the object position on the screen in python pygame we use the OS module in python.

Pygame uses SDL (Simple DirectMedia Layer) which is cross-platform library for controlling multimedia and is widely used for games.
In os.environ dictionary there is a key SDL_VIDEO_WINDOW_POS to which we can assign x and y value. This will put screen in specific spot in python pygame.
Value assigned to X will move the screen in right or left position whereas value assigned to Y will move the screen in up-down position.
Below is the syntax of how to put screen in specific spot in python pygame. In this syntax, we have created a function and then called that function inside the pygame.

def dynamicwinpos(x=500, y=100):
    os.environ['SDL_VIDEO_WINDOW_POS'] = "%d,%d" % (x,y)

pygame.init()

# calling function 
dynamicwinpos()

Now, we know how to put the screen in a specific spot in python pygame let’s explore more by putting this knowledge in an example.

How to Put Screen in Specific Spot in Python Pygame

In this project, we have used the game created in our blog Create a game using Python Pygame (Tic tac toe game). It’s a popular two-player tic tac toe game wherein the player who secures 3 consecutive positions wins the game.

dynamicwinpos() function accepts x and y postion as a paramter. In our case, we have provided default value as x=500 and y=100.
os.environ['SDL_VIDEO_WINDOW_POS'] = "%d,%d" % (x,y) In this code os.environ is a dictionary and SDL_VIDEO_WINDOW_POS is a key.X & Y are the values for the key.
This function is called immediately after initializing pygame pygame.init(). Now everytime the program is executed screen is put to the specific spot (x & y) in python pygame.

import pygame, sys
import numpy as np
import os

#function to put the screen in specific spot in python pygame
def dynamicwinpos(x=500, y=100):
    os.environ['SDL_VIDEO_WINDOW_POS'] = "%d,%d" % (x,y)

pygame.init()

#function calling
dynamicwinpos()


WIDTH = 600
HEIGHT = 600
LINE_WIDTH = 15
WIN_LINE_WIDTH = 15
BOARD_ROWS = 3
BOARD_COLS = 3
SQUARE_SIZE = 200
CIRCLE_RADIUS = 60
CIRCLE_WIDTH = 15
CROSS_WIDTH = 25
SPACE = 55
 
RED = (255, 0, 0)
BG_COLOR = (20, 200, 160)
LINE_COLOR = (23, 145, 135)
CIRCLE_COLOR = (239, 231, 200)
CROSS_COLOR = (66, 66, 66)

screen = pygame.display.set_mode( (WIDTH, HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption( 'TIC TAC TOE' )
screen.fill( BG_COLOR)

board = np.zeros( (BOARD_ROWS, BOARD_COLS))



def draw_lines():
	
	pygame.draw.line(screen, LINE_COLOR, (0, SQUARE_SIZE), (WIDTH, SQUARE_SIZE), LINE_WIDTH)
	
	pygame.draw.line(screen, LINE_COLOR, (0, 2 * SQUARE_SIZE), (WIDTH, 2 * SQUARE_SIZE), LINE_WIDTH)

	pygame.draw.line(screen, LINE_COLOR, (SQUARE_SIZE, 0), (SQUARE_SIZE, HEIGHT), LINE_WIDTH )

	pygame.draw.line(screen, LINE_COLOR, (2 * SQUARE_SIZE, 0), (2 * SQUARE_SIZE, HEIGHT), LINE_WIDTH)

def draw_figures():
	for row in range(BOARD_ROWS):
		for col in range(BOARD_COLS):
			if board[row][col] == 1:
				pygame.draw.circle( screen, CIRCLE_COLOR, (int( col * SQUARE_SIZE + SQUARE_SIZE//2 ), int( row * SQUARE_SIZE + SQUARE_SIZE//2 )), CIRCLE_RADIUS, CIRCLE_WIDTH )
			elif board[row][col] == 2:
				pygame.draw.line( screen, CROSS_COLOR, (col * SQUARE_SIZE + SPACE, row * SQUARE_SIZE + SQUARE_SIZE - SPACE), (col * SQUARE_SIZE + SQUARE_SIZE - SPACE, row * SQUARE_SIZE + SPACE), CROSS_WIDTH )	
				pygame.draw.line( screen, CROSS_COLOR, (col * SQUARE_SIZE + SPACE, row * SQUARE_SIZE + SPACE), (col * SQUARE_SIZE + SQUARE_SIZE - SPACE, row * SQUARE_SIZE + SQUARE_SIZE - SPACE), CROSS_WIDTH )

def mark_square(row, col, player):
	board[row][col] = player

def available_square(row, col):
	return board[row][col] == 0

def is_board_full():
	for row in range(BOARD_ROWS):
		for col in range(BOARD_COLS):
			if board[row][col] == 0:
				return False

	return True

def check_win(player):
	for col in range(BOARD_COLS):
		if board[0][col] == player and board[1][col] == player and board[2][col] == player:
			draw_vertical_winning_line(col, player)
			return True

	for row in range(BOARD_ROWS):
		if board[row][0] == player and board[row][1] == player and board[row][2] == player:
			draw_horizontal_winning_line(row, player)
			return True

	if board[2][0] == player and board[1][1] == player and board[0][2] == player:
		draw_asc_diagonal(player)
		return True

	if board[0][0] == player and board[1][1] == player and board[2][2] == player:
		draw_desc_diagonal(player)
		return True

	return False

def draw_vertical_winning_line(col, player):
	posX = col * SQUARE_SIZE + SQUARE_SIZE//2

	if player == 1:
		color = CIRCLE_COLOR
	elif player == 2:
		color = CROSS_COLOR

	pygame.draw.line( screen, color, (posX, 15), (posX, HEIGHT - 15), LINE_WIDTH )

def draw_horizontal_winning_line(row, player):
	posY = row * SQUARE_SIZE + SQUARE_SIZE//2

	if player == 1:
		color = CIRCLE_COLOR
	elif player == 2:
		color = CROSS_COLOR

	pygame.draw.line( screen, color, (15, posY), (WIDTH - 15, posY), WIN_LINE_WIDTH )

def draw_asc_diagonal(player):
	if player == 1:
		color = CIRCLE_COLOR
	elif player == 2:
		color = CROSS_COLOR

	pygame.draw.line( screen, color, (15, HEIGHT - 15), (WIDTH - 15, 15), WIN_LINE_WIDTH )

def draw_desc_diagonal(player):
	if player == 1:
		color = CIRCLE_COLOR
	elif player == 2:
		color = CROSS_COLOR

	pygame.draw.line( screen, color, (15, 15), (WIDTH - 15, HEIGHT - 15), WIN_LINE_WIDTH )

def restart():
	screen.fill( BG_COLOR )
	draw_lines()
	for row in range(BOARD_ROWS):
		for col in range(BOARD_COLS):
			board[row][col] = 0

draw_lines()

player = 1
game_over = False

while True:
	for event in pygame.event.get():
		if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
			sys.exit()

		if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN and not game_over:

			mouseX = event.pos[0] 
			mouseY = event.pos[1] 

			clicked_row = int(mouseY // SQUARE_SIZE)
			clicked_col = int(mouseX // SQUARE_SIZE)

			if available_square( clicked_row, clicked_col ):

				mark_square( clicked_row, clicked_col, player )
				if check_win( player ):
					game_over = True
				player = player % 2 + 1

				draw_figures()

		if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
			if event.key == pygame.K_r:
				restart()
				player = 1
				game_over = False

	pygame.display.update()

Output:

In this output, we have run the program 3 times, and each time we have changed the value of x and y inside the dynamicwinpos() function in python pygame. As a result of which the screen has changed its position.

In this tutorial, we have learned how to put screen in specific spot in python pygame. Also, we have covered a project to demonstrated what we have learned.