In this Tkinter tutorial, I will walk you through building the classic Snake Game using Python.
This fun and interactive project is a great way to strengthen your understanding of Tkinter and basic game logic in Python. Let’s dive into creating your Snake game step by step!
Let’s get in.
Overview of the Snake Game
Snake Game is one of the traditional 2D games that is played by every Millennials.
- In this game, there is a snake that is in continuous motion.
- The player has to make sure that the snake does not hit the walls or shouldn’t collide with itself. The player can control the snake with the Right, Left, Bottom, and Top keys.
- The snake starts the moment in the right direction by default.
- There is no object on the screen referred to as ‘food’. Every time a snake collides with the food, the food disappears, and the snake’s body size increases.
- There is a score for every successful collision of the snake with the food.
Read Use Colors in Python Tkinter
Source Code
In this code, we have created a Snake game, set up a scoring system.
from tkinter import *
from random import randint
from PIL import Image, ImageTk
movement = 20
steps_per_sec = 10
speed = 1100 // steps_per_sec
class Snake(Canvas):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__(
width=700,
height=700,
background='#53ff1a',
highlightthickness=0
)
self.snake_pos = [(100, 80), (80, 100), (80, 100)]
self.food_pos = self.set_new_food_pos()
self.direction = 'Right'
self.score = 0
self.load_img()
self.create_objects()
self.bind_all('<Key>', self.on_key_press)
self.pack()
self.after(speed, self.perform_actions)
def load_img(self):
try:
self.snake_body = ImageTk.PhotoImage(Image.open('game.png'))
self.food = ImageTk.PhotoImage(Image.open('game.png'))
except IOError as error:
ws.destroy()
raise
def create_objects(self):
self.create_text(
35,
12,
text=f'Score: {self.score}',
tag='score',
fill='black',
font=10
)
for x_position, y_position in self.snake_pos:
self.create_image(
x_position,
y_position,
image=self.snake_body,
tag='snake'
)
self.create_image(
*self.food_pos,
image=self.food,
tag='food'
)
self.create_rectangle(
7,
27,
690,
690,
outline='#d9d8d7'
)
def finish_game(self):
self.delete(ALL)
self.create_text(
self.winfo_width() / 2,
self.winfo_height() / 2,
text=f'Game over! You have scored {self.score}!',
fill='black',
font=20
)
def consume_food(self):
if self.snake_pos[0] == self.food_pos:
self.score += 10
self.snake_pos.append(self.snake_pos[-1])
self.create_image(
*self.snake_pos[-1],
image=self.snake_body,
tag='snake'
)
self.food_pos = self.set_new_food_pos()
self.coords(
self.find_withtag('food'),
*self.food_pos
)
score = self.find_withtag('score')
self.itemconfigure(
score,
text=f'Score: {self.score}',
tag='score'
)
def boundry(self):
head_x_position, head_y_position = self.snake_pos[0]
return (
head_x_position in (0, 700)
or head_y_position in (20, 700)
or (head_x_position, head_y_position) in self.snake_pos[1:]
)
def snake_movement(self):
head_x_position, head_y_position = self.snake_pos[0]
if self.direction == 'Left':
new_head_position = (head_x_position - movement, head_y_position)
elif self.direction == 'Right':
new_head_position = (head_x_position + movement, head_y_position)
elif self.direction == 'Down':
new_head_position = (head_x_position, head_y_position + movement)
elif self.direction == 'Up':
new_head_position = (head_x_position, head_y_position - movement)
self.snake_pos = [new_head_position] + self.snake_pos[:-1]
for segment, position in zip(self.find_withtag('snake'), self.snake_pos):
self.coords(segment, position)
def on_key_press(self, e):
new_direction = e.keysym
all_directions = (
'Up',
'Down',
'Left',
'Right'
)
opposites = (
{'Up', 'Down'},
{'Left', 'Right'}
)
if (
new_direction in all_directions
and {new_direction, self.direction} not in opposites
):
self.direction = new_direction
def perform_actions(self):
if self.boundry():
self.finish_game()
self.consume_food()
self.snake_movement()
self.after(speed, self.perform_actions)
def set_new_food_pos(self):
while True:
x_position = randint(1, 29) * movement
y_position = randint(3, 30) * movement
food_pos = (x_position, y_position)
if food_pos not in self.snake_pos:
return food_pos
ws = Tk()
ws.title('PythonGuides - Snake Game')
ws.resizable(False, False)
board = Snake()
ws.mainloop()Output:
In this output, the snake is moving on the screen, and every time it collides with the food object, the size of the snake is increased.
- There is a score tracker in the top left corner of the screen. Every successful collision adds 10 points to the scoreboard.
- The snake died after colliding with its own body, and the game is over.
In this article, I have explained how to create your Snake game step by step.
You may like the following Python Tkinter tutorials:
- Master the Python Tkinter Mainloop
- Create Tables in Python Tkinter
- Create a Python Tkinter Text Editor
I am Bijay Kumar, a Microsoft MVP in SharePoint. Apart from SharePoint, I started working on Python, Machine learning, and artificial intelligence for the last 5 years. During this time I got expertise in various Python libraries also like Tkinter, Pandas, NumPy, Turtle, Django, Matplotlib, Tensorflow, Scipy, Scikit-Learn, etc… for various clients in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, etc. Check out my profile.
