Login System In Python Django

In this Python Django Tutorial, we will learn to Create a Login system in Python Django. And we’ll also examples related to this. These are the following topics that we are going to discuss in this tutorial.

Login System in Python Django
How to create Django built-in login system
How to create Django customize login system
How to create Django multiple model login system

Table of Contents show

Login System in Python Django

In this section, we’ll learn what does login system means in python Django.

A login system is a security feature that prevents unauthorized users from accessing resources on a website. There are three parts to the login system:

Signup: Signing up is the process of creating a new account. If you want to use a portal or application for the first time, you must first sign up.
Login: A login is a collection of credentials that is used to verify a user’s identity. It denotes that the user has been identified and authenticated in order to gain access to the website. The most common combination is a username and password.
Logout: To log out of a website, you must first log in. When you log out, you’re telling the website that you’d like to discontinue your login session.

Read: Python Django set timezone

In this section, we’ll learn how to use Django’s built-in feature to develop a login page of the login system. I’ll guide you through it step by step using an example.

1. Create Project

If you’re starting a new project, firstly create a new Django project. The command to create a new project is as follow:

django-admin startproject project_name

Example: Here I create a new project name as LoginSystem.

Command:

django-admin startproject LoginSystem

django built in login system — Start Project

2. Check Necessary Settings

Before creating a login system, make sure you have django.contrib.auth in your INSTALLED APPS and that your authentication middleware is configured properly in the MIDDLEWARE settings.

django built in login features — An application that is already included

3. Make Migration

Migration is a means of applying changes that we have made to a model, into the database schema. To create all tables according to the schema defined in the migration file, we run the following command.

python manage.py migrate

4. Define Project URLs

A web address is referred to as a URL. Every time you visit a website, you can see the URL in your browser’s address bar. Every web page must have its own unique URL. As a result, your application will know what to show a user that visits that URL.

Open your’s project’s urls.py file and specify the particular URLs.

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include
from django.contrib.auth import views as auth_views


urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('login/', auth_views.LoginView.as_view(), name='login'),
    path('login/',include('home.urls')),
]

Import the django.contrib.auth.views module and add the URLconf for Login Page and Home Page to your urls.py file.

Read Python list append Django

Basically, Django Templates are used to generate dynamic HTML web pages that are visible to the end-user. A template in Django is written in HTML, CSS, and Javascript in a .html file.

LoginView will attempt to render registration/login.html by default. Create a registration folder in your templates folder and a login.html page inside it.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>LoginSystem</title> 
</head>
<body>
    <form method="post">
        {% csrf_token %}
        {{form.as_p}}
        <input type="submit" value="Login"/>
        
    </form>

</body>
</html>

6. Template Configuration

To configure the template system, we must specify several items in the settings.py file. The name of our template directory is templates. Django Templates searches each of the INSTALLED APPS subdirectories by default for a templates subdirectory.

built in login system in django — Template Configuration

7. Redirect to Home Page

We need to redirect to the next page, which is the home page, after a successful login. So, let’s learn to create the app first

Command to create an app:

python manage.py startapp app_name

Here I create an app with the name Home.

Create App

Now, we to include the app in your project, add your app name to the INSTALLED APPS list in settings.py of the project.

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'home',
]

Next, define the URL in the app’s urls.py file.

from django.urls import path, include
from home import views

urlpatterns = [
    path('home/', views.home, name='home'),
]

After this, define the view of the app.

from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse

# Create your views here.

def home(request):
    return render(request, 'home.html')

Next, create a home.html file inside the template folder of the Home app.

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We now require a redirect to the next page. The following code can be added to settings.py to set the next page:

LOGIN_REDIRECT_URL = next_page

In my example, I want to redirect to the home page after successful login.

LOGIN_REDIRECT_URL = 'home/'

login page using built in features in django — Login Settings

If no login redirect URL is specified, the default URL of /accounts/profile/ will be used, resulting in a TemplateDoesNotExist problem.

8. Create Super User

Till now, we have not created any users for this. So, we are going to create a user. So see, how we can do that.

To create a superuser run the following command:

python manage.py createsuperuser

Then enter the username of your choice, if you want. Otherwise, it takes the default system name.
Then enter the email address and press enter. You can leave it blank also.
Then, in front of the Password field, type the password and hit enter. To keep it safe, enter a strong password.
Then again enter the same Password for confirmation.

9. Run Server

In this section, we’ll learn how to run the server in Django. To start the server, use the following command in the terminal.

python manage.py runserver

The output is as below:

how to create built in login system in django

Now, enter the username and password and click on the login button. After successful login, you will redirect to the home page.

how to create built in login system using django — Home Page

Read: Python Django format date

In this section, we’ll learn to create a signup page, login page, and logout page without using Django’s in-built feature. I’ll guide you through it step by step using an example.

1. Basic Steps

Before we can create signup, login, or logout page, we must first go through the following procedures.

Create Project: First and foremost, we must create a Django project. The command to create a Django project is:

django-admin startproject project_name

So, I build a project called CustomLogin.

django customize login system — Create Project

Create App: After we’ve created the Django project, we’ll need to create a Django app. The command to create a Django app is:

python manage.py startapp app_name

So, I build an app called accounts.

python django customize login system — Create App

Install App: After we’ve created the Django app, we’ll need to install a Django app. To do so, go to your project directory and open the settings.py file. Now, in INSTALLED_APPS, type the name of your application.

django customize login system basic steps — Install App

Templates: You’ll need a template folder to store your HTML files. So, under your app directory, make a templates folder. Go to the settings.py file and define the DIRS path in templates.

basic steps to create customize login system — Define Templates

2. Define URLs File

According to Django, all resources should be mapped using urls.py files.

Project URLs File: By default, Django includes a urls.py file in the project. This file has a pre-defined path to the admin app. And we define the path of the newly created urls.py file under the app.

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('accounts/', include('accounts.urls'))
]

App URLs File: Firstly, we have to create a file with the name urls.py in the app directory. Now, we define the path of the different views created under the views.py file of the app.

from django.urls import path
from . import views


urlpatterns = [
    path("register", views.register, name="register"),
    path("login_user", views.login_user, name="login_user"),
    path("logout_user", views.logout_user, name="logout_user"),
    path("home", views.home, name="home")
]

3. SIGNUP

Now, we’ll learn to create register views. For this, we have to create a function register in the views.py file of the app directory.

from django.contrib import messages
from django.shortcuts import render, redirect

def register(request):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        first_name = request.POST['first_name']
        last_name = request.POST['last_name']
        username = request.POST['username']
        email = request.POST['email']
        password = request.POST['password']
        confirm_password = request.POST['confirm_password']

        if password==confirm_password:
            if User.objects.filter(username=username).exists():
                messages.info(request, 'Username is already taken')
                return redirect(register)
            elif User.objects.filter(email=email).exists():
                messages.info(request, 'Email is already taken')
                return redirect(register)
            else:
                user = User.objects.create_user(username=username, password=password, 
                                        email=email, first_name=first_name, last_name=last_name)
                user.save()
                
                return redirect('login_user')


        else:
            messages.info(request, 'Both passwords are not matching')
            return redirect(register)
            

    else:
        return render(request, 'registeration.html')

We begin by defining the register function, which makes use of the request object. Django makes an HttpRequest when a page is requested. In this case, we’ll utilize the HTTP method Post to submit data to a server in order to create or update a resource.
To the server, we send first_name, last_name, username, email, password, and confirm_password.
Then we use various object filters to check if the password is the same as the confirm password if the email address already exists, and print the message accordingly, as well as redirect the page based on the filter response.

Now, we’ll see the registration.html:

The resgistration.html file specifies the appearance of the signup web page.

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
	<!-- Required meta tags -->
	<meta charset="utf-8">
	<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">

	<!-- Bootstrap CSS -->
	<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.0.0/css/bootstrap.min.css"
		integrity="sha384-Gn5384xqQ1aoWXA+058RXPxPg6fy4IWvTNh0E263XmFcJlSAwiGgFAW/dAiS6JXm" crossorigin="anonymous">

	<title>SIGNUP</title>
</head>

<body>
	<form action="/accounts/register" method="POST" class="form-horizontal">
		{% csrf_token%}
		<div class="mx-auto" style="width: 400px;">

			<div class="col-xs-8 col-xs-offset-4">
				<h2 style="text-align:center;">SIGN UP</h2>
			</div>
			<hr />
			<div class="form-group">
				<label for="username">Username</label>
				<input type="text" class="form-control" name="username" id="username" placeholder="Enter Username"
					Required>
			</div>
			<div class="form-group">
				<label for="fanme">First Name</label>
				<input type="text" class="form-control" name="first_name" id="first_name" placeholder="Enter First Name"
					Required>
			</div>
			<div class="form-group">
				<label for="lname">Last Name</label>
				<input type="text" class="form-control" name="last_name" id="last_name" placeholder="Enter Last Name"
					Required>
			</div>
			<div class="form-group">
				<label for="email">Email address</label>
				<input type="email" class="form-control" name="email" id="email" placeholder="Enter email" Required>
			</div>
			<div class="form-group">
				<label for="password">Password</label>
				<input type="password" class="form-control" name="password" id="password" placeholder="Enter Password"
					Required>
			</div>
			<div class="form-group">
				<label for="confirm_password">Confirm Password</label>
				<input type="password" class="form-control" name="confirm_password" id="confirm_password"
					placeholder="Confirm Your Password" Required>
			</div>
			<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">SIGNUP</button>
			<a class="btn btn-dark" href="login_user" role="button">LOGIN</a>
		</div>
	</form>
	<div class="form-group">
		{% for message in messages %}
		<div class="alert alert-danger" role="alert">
			{{message}}
		</div>
		{% endfor %}
	</div>

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</body>

</html>

Within the form, we use the Django template tag {%csrf_token%}. By using this tag, we can avoid CSRF attacks and assure the security of post requests from a user to the server.
We also, use the Django template tag {%for%} to display the message notification.

Now, run the server and view the signup web page.

django customize login system signup — Signup Page

5. LOGIN

Now, we’ll learn to create login_user views. For this, we have to create a function login_user in the views.py file of the app directory.

from django.contrib import messages
from django.shortcuts import render, redirect
from django.contrib.auth.models import User, auth

def login_user(request):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        username = request.POST['username']
        password = request.POST['password']

        user = auth.authenticate(username=username, password=password)

        if user is not None:
            auth.login(request, user)
            return redirect('home')
        else:
            messages.info(request, 'Invalid Username or Password')
            return redirect('login_user')



    else:
        return render(request, 'login.html')

To begin, we’ll create the login_user function, which uses the POST request object.
The username and password are then sent to the server.
The authenticate function is then used to verify the username and password.
If the user is authenticated, go to the home page; if not, go to the login page and print the message Invalid Username or Password.

Now, we’ll see the login.html:

The login.html file specifies the appearance of the login web page.

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <!-- Required meta tags -->
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">

    <!-- Bootstrap CSS -->
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.0.0/css/bootstrap.min.css"
        integrity="sha384-Gn5384xqQ1aoWXA+058RXPxPg6fy4IWvTNh0E263XmFcJlSAwiGgFAW/dAiS6JXm" crossorigin="anonymous">

    <title>LOGIN</title>
</head>

<body>
    <div class="mx-auto" style="width: 500px" ;>
        <form action="login_user" method="post" class="form-horizontal">
            {% csrf_token%}
            <div class="col-xs-8 col-xs-offset-4">
                <h2 style="text-align:center;">LOGIN</h2>
            </div>

            <div class="form-group">
                <label for="username">Username</label>
                <input type="text" class="form-control" name="username" id="username" placeholder="Enter Username">
            </div>
            <div class="form-group">
                <label for="password">Password</label>
                <input type="password" class="form-control" name="password" id="password" placeholder="Enter Password">
            </div>
            <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">LOGIN</button>
            <br />
            <div class="form-group">
                {% for message in messages %}
                <div class="alert alert-danger" role="alert">
                    {{message}}
                </div>
                {% endfor %}
            </div>
        </form>

        <!-- Optional JavaScript -->
        <!-- jQuery first, then Popper.js, then Bootstrap JS -->
        <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.2.1.slim.min.js"
            integrity="sha384-KJ3o2DKtIkvYIK3UENzmM7KCkRr/rE9/Qpg6aAZGJwFDMVNA/GpGFF93hXpG5KkN"
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            crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
</body>

</html>

To display the message notification, we use the Django template tag {%for%}.

We redirect you to the login page after successful signup, or you can move to the login page directly if you are already a user.

django customize login system login — Login Page

5. HOME

Now, we’ll learn to create home views. For this, we have to create a function home in the views.py file of the app directory.

from django.contrib import messages
from django.shortcuts import render, redirect

def home(request):
    return render(request, 'home.html')

To begin, we’ll create the home function, with request object.
The home function redirect to home.html.

Now, we’ll see the home.html:

The home.html file specifies the appearance of the home web page.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.0.0/css/bootstrap.min.css"
    integrity="sha384-Gn5384xqQ1aoWXA+058RXPxPg6fy4IWvTNh0E263XmFcJlSAwiGgFAW/dAiS6JXm" crossorigin="anonymous">
  <title>Login System</title>
</head>

<body>

  <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.2.1.slim.min.js"
    integrity="sha384-KJ3o2DKtIkvYIK3UENzmM7KCkRr/rE9/Qpg6aAZGJwFDMVNA/GpGFF93hXpG5KkN"
    crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
  <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/popper.js/1.12.9/umd/popper.min.js"
    integrity="sha384-ApNbgh9B+Y1QKtv3Rn7W3mgPxhU9K/ScQsAP7hUibX39j7fakFPskvXusvfa0b4Q"
    crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
  <script src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.0.0/js/bootstrap.min.js"
    integrity="sha384-JZR6Spejh4U02d8jOt6vLEHfe/JQGiRRSQQxSfFWpi1MquVdAyjUar5+76PVCmYl"
    crossorigin="anonymous"></script>

  <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-dark bg-dark">
    <a class="navbar-brand" href="home">Login System</a>
    <button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarNav"
      aria-controls="navbarNav" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
      <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
    </button>
    <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarNav">
      <ul class="navbar-nav">
        <li class="nav-item active">
          <a class="nav-link" href="home">HOME<span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
        </li>
        {% if user.is_authenticated %}
        <li class="nav-item">
          <a class="nav-link" href="#">Hi, {{user.first_name}}</a>
        </li>
        <li class="nav-item">
          <a class="nav-link" href="logout_user">LOGOUT</a>
        </li>
        {% else %}
        <li class="nav-item">
          <a class="nav-link" href="register">SIGN UP</a>
        </li>
        <li class="nav-item">
          <a class="nav-link" href="login_user">LOGIN</a>
        </li>
        {% endif %}
      </ul>
    </div>
  </nav>

  <div class="container my-3">
    <h1 style="text-align:center;">Welcome to Python Guides</h1>
  </div>

  <div class="card">
    <div class="card-body">
      <h3 style="text-align:center;">Thanks for landing on this page to know more about PythonGuides.com.</h3>
      <br>
      <h6>I welcome you to the website and hopefully, you got to learn something in Python. I started this website to
        share my finding and learnings in Python with you.</h6>
      <h6>To keep things simple, I am trying to write a lot of articles on Python. Feel free to give your valuable
        comments and also share the articles if you are liking and hoping it will be helpful to someone.</h6>
      <br>
      <h2 style="text-align:center;">Also, Subscribe to Our YouTube Channel for FREE Python Video Tutorials.</h2>
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</body>

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Here we, use {%if%} template tag with is_authenticated attribute, to verify whether the user is authorised or not.
We print the user’s first name on the nav bar if the user is authenticated. We use the tag {{user.first_name}} for this.
On the navbar, we also add a logout button.

Let’s have a look at home page, when user successfully login.

how to create django customize login system — Home Page

6. LOGOUT

Now, we’ll learn to create logout_user views. For this, we have to create a function logout_user in the views.py file of the app directory.

from django.contrib import messages
from django.shortcuts import render, redirect
from django.contrib.auth.models import User, auth

def logout_user(request):
    auth.logout(request)
    return redirect('home')

To begin, we’ll create the logout_user function, with request object.
To log out the user we use the logout() function of django.contrib.auth.
The logout_user function redirect to home.

When we click on the logout button, the logout()function is called. And, it completely cleaned out the session data for the current request.

Let’s see how the home page looks when we click on the logout button.

how to create logout in django customize login system — Home Page

How to create Django multiple model login system

In this section, we’ll learn how to use Django to develop a login system with multiple models. This login system consists of three modules: registration, login, and logout.

Basic Steps

Before we begin learning how to develop the three modules of the login system described above, we must first complete some basic and necessary procedures.

CREATE PROJECT:

We must first and foremost build a Django project. And, to make a Django project, use the following command:

django-admin startproject MultiLogin

So, here I build a project named MultiLogin

CREATE APP:

We’ll need to develop a Django app after we’ve finished with the Django project. To make a Django app, use the following command:

python manage.py startapp accounts

So, here I build an app named accounts.

INSTALL APP:

We’ll need to install a Django app after we’ve created it. To do so, open the settings.py file in your project directory. Now type the name of your application in INSTALLED APPS.

how to create django multiple model lo — INSTALL APP

INSTALL / ACTIVATE TEMPLATES:

To store your HTML files, you’ll need a template folder. Make a templates folder in your app directory. Define the DIRS path in templates in the settings.py file.

how to create python django multiple model login system — TEMPLATE

Define URLs File

After creating a project and an app, we have to create URLs file as all the resources should be mapped using these files according to Django.

PROJECT URLs FILE:

Django includes a urls.py file in the project (MultiLogin) by default. Add the following code in this file.

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('accounts/', include('accounts.urls'))
]

In this file, the admin app’s path is pre-defined.
Now, we have to specify the location of the urls.py file within the app (accounts).

APP URLs FILE:

By default, an app doesn’t consist any urls.py file. So firstly, we have to create a file with the name urls.py in the app directory (accounts).

from django.urls import path
from . import views


urlpatterns = [
    path('register/', views.register, name='register'),
    path('login/', views.login_user, name='login_user'),
    path('logout/', views.logout_user, name='logout_user'),
    path('home/', views.home, name='home'),
    path('student_register/', views.student_register.as_view(), name='student_register'),
    path('teacher_register/', views.teacher_register.as_view(), name='teacher_register')
]

Here, we define the path of the different views created under the views.py file of the app.

Create Model

Basically, a table in your database is a Django model. And, by default, we got an empty SQLite database located in the root folder of your project (MUTILOGIN) when we built the project in Django. So, to make a new table, we’ll need to make a new model.

Open the models.py file in the accounts folder. And by default, it’s empty, so add the following code :

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser

class User(AbstractUser):
    is_student = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    is_teacher = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    first_name = models.CharField(max_length=80)
    last_name = models.CharField(max_length=80)

class Student(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, primary_key=True)
    phone_number = models.CharField(max_length=10)
    class_name = models.CharField(max_length=100)

class Teacher(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, primary_key=True)
    phone_number = models.CharField(max_length=10)
    department = models.CharField(max_length=30)

So, here we create three classes named as User, Student, and Teacher. So, let’s discuss each class in detail:

User Class:
- Here, we create a custom user model and extend its functionality by using AbstractUser.
- So, AbstractUser is a model having complete fields, similar as an abstract class so that you can easily inherit fields from it that you need in other model class also.
Student Class:
- Here, we create Student model class. And in this class we define one to one relationship between the fields of User class which we created above.
- Addition to it, we create a text field “phone_number” and it will contain the phone number of the student having max length 10.
- Then, we create one more text field “class_name” and it will contain the class of the student.
Teacher Class:
- Here, we create Teacher model class. And in this class we again define one to one relationship between the fields of User class which we created above.
- Addition to it, we create a text field “phone_number” and it will contain the phone number of the teacher having max length 10.
- Then, we create one more text field “departemnt” and it will contain the department in which teacher is working.

Register Model

Open the admin.py file in the accounts folder. And by default, it’s empty, so add the following code :

from django.contrib import admin
from .models import User, Student, Teacher
# Register your models here.

admin.site.register(Student)
admin.site.register(Teacher)

So, here we register above created two models i,e Student Model and Teacher Model with the admin interface.

Create Form

A form is a page that contains multiple fields, or spaces to enter data by user. Create and Open the forms.py file in the accounts folder. By default, it’s empty, so add the following code :

from django.contrib.auth.forms import UserCreationForm
from django.db import transaction
from django import forms
from .models import Student, Teacher, User

class StudentSignUpForm(UserCreationForm):
    first_name = forms.CharField(required=True)
    last_name = forms.CharField(required=True)
    phone_number = forms.CharField(required=True)
    class_name = forms.CharField(required=True)

    class Meta(UserCreationForm.Meta):
        model = User
    
    @transaction.atomic
    def data_save(self):
        user = super().save(commit=False)
        user.first_name = self.cleaned_data.get('first_name')
        user.last_name = self.cleaned_data.get('last_name')
        user.is_student = True
        user.save()
        student = Student.objects.create(user=user)
        student.class_name = self.cleaned_data.get('class_name')
        student.phone_number = self.cleaned_data.get('phone_number')
        student.save()
        return user


class TeacherSignUpForm(UserCreationForm):
    first_name = forms.CharField(required=True)
    last_name = forms.CharField(required=True)
    department = forms.CharField(required=True)

    class Meta(UserCreationForm.Meta):
        model = User
    
    @transaction.atomic
    def data_save(self):
        user = super().save(commit=False)
        user.first_name = self.cleaned_data.get('first_name')
        user.last_name = self.cleaned_data.get('last_name')
        user.is_teacher = True
        user.save()
        teacher = teacher.objects.create(user=user)
        teacher.phone_number = self.cleaned_data.get('phone_number')
        teacher.department = self.cleaned_data.get('department')
        teacher.save()
        return user

So, here we create two form classes named as StudentSignUpForm and TeacherSignUpForm So, let’s discuss each class in detail:

StudentSignUpForm:
- Django has an integrated user authentication system. So, here we are importing user authentication modules that allows us to create the student sign up.
- And here, we use UserCreationForm that is used to create a new user for our application. By default, there are three fields in this form: username, password, and confirm password.
- And addition to this, we create four text fields first_name, last_name, phone_number, and class_name respectively.
- The we define Meta class as we need to add data about the model user.
- Then we use the atomic transaction for student signup form, which is a sequence of one or more SQL operations that are treated as a unit. And the aim of the atomic transaction are to provide four properties commonly known as ACID.
TeacherSignUpForm:
- Here we are importing user authentication modules that allows us to create the teacher sign up.
- Next, we use UserCreationForm that is used to create a new user for our application. By default, there are three fields in this form: username, password, and confirm password.
- Then, addition to this, we create three text fields first_name, last_name, and department respectively.
- The we define Meta class as we need to add data about the user model.
- Then we use the atomic transaction for teacher signup form, as the aim of the atomic transaction are to provide four properties commonly known as ACID.

Define Views File

Basically, Django views, like HTML documents, are Python functions that take http requests and return http responses. So, we can say that Django-based websites have a lot of views with various tasks and goals.

And, views are often stored in a file called views.py in the app’s folder. By default, it’s empty, so add the following code :

from email import message
from django.shortcuts import render, redirect
from django.contrib.auth import login, logout,authenticate
from django.contrib.auth.forms import AuthenticationForm
from django.contrib import messages
from django.views.generic import CreateView
from .models import User
from .forms import StudentSignUpForm, TeacherSignUpForm

# Create your views here.

def home(request):
    return render(request, 'home.html')

def register(request):
    return render(request, 'register.html')

class student_register(CreateView):
    model = User  
    form_class = StudentSignUpForm
    template_name= 'student_register.html'

    def form_valid(self, form):
        user = form.save()
        login(self.request, user)
        return redirect('/accounts/home')

class teacher_register(CreateView):
    model = User  
    form_class = TeacherSignUpForm
    template_name= 'teacher_register.html'

    def form_valid(self, form):
        user = form.save()
        login(self.request, user)
        return redirect('/accounts/home')

def login_user(request):
    if request.method=='POST':
        form = AuthenticationForm(data=request.POST)
        if form.is_valid():
            username = form.cleaned_data.get('username')
            password = form.cleaned_data.get('password')
            user = authenticate(username=username, password=password)
            if user is not None :
                login(request,user)
                return redirect('/accounts/home')
            else:
                messages.error(request,"Invalid username or password")
        else:
            messages.error(request,"Invalid username or password")
    return render(request, 'login.html',context={'form':AuthenticationForm()})

def logout_user(request):
    logout(request)
    return redirect('/accounts/home')

So, here we create six views named as home, register, student_register, teacher_register, login_user, and logout_user. So, let’s discuss each views in detail:

home:
- In home view, we simple render to ‘home.html’ template.
register:
- In register view, we simple render to ‘register.html’ template.
student_regsiter:
- Then, we create student_register class based on generic view.
- Next, we use the CreateView as StudentSignUpForm is required on the page and a database insertion is required upon submission of a valid form.
teacher_regsiter:
- Then, we create teacher_register class based on generic view.
- Next, we use the CreateView as TeacherSignUpForm is required on the page and a database insertion is required upon submission of a valid form.
login_user:
- We’ll create the login_user view, which uses the POST request object.
- The username and password are then sent to the server.
- The authenticate function is then used to verify the username and password.
- If the user is authenticated, go to the home page; if not, go to the login page and print the message Invalid Username or Password.
logout_user:
- With the request object, we’ll create the logout user function.
- Next, the logout() function of django.contrib.auth is used to log out the user.
- On the successful logout user will returns you to your ‘home page’.

Create Templates

We learned from the Django that the outcome should be in HTML and the HTML files are created in a template.

So create a templates folder inside the root folder (MULTILOGIN), and create five HTML files named as ‘home.html’, ‘login.html’, ‘register.html’, ‘student_register.html’, and ‘teacher_regsiter.html’.

So, let’s discuss and create each HTML file:

home.html:
- The home.html file specifies the appearance of the home web page. And the following is the code of home.html file.
- Here we, use {%if%} template tag with is_authenticated attribute, to verify whether the user is authorised or not.
- We print the Hi user’s name if the user is authenticated. We use the tag {{user.get_username}} for this.
- We also add a logout button.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
</head>

<body>
    <h1>Welcome to PythonGuides</h1>

    {% if user.is_authenticated%}
    <h3>Hi {{user.get_username}}</h3>
    <a href="{% url 'logout_user' %}">Logout</a> <br>
    {% else %}
    <a href="{% url 'register' %}">Register</a> <br>
    <a href="{% url 'login_user' %}">Login</a>
    {% endif %}
</body>

</html>

login.html
- The login.html file specifies the appearance of the login web page. And the following is the code of login.html file.
- Here, we add the link of student_register and teacher_register.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>Login</title>
</head>

<body>

    <h2>Login</h2>

    <form action="{% url 'login_user' %}" method="POST" novalidate>
        {% csrf_token %}
        {{form.as_p}}

            <br>
            <input type="submit" value="Login" class="btn btn-block btn-primary">
        </div>
    </form>

</body>

</html>

register.html:
- The register.html file specifies the appearance of the register web page. And the following is the code of register.html file.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>User Registration</title>
</head>
<body>

    <section>
        <div class="container">
          <div class="row">
            <div class="col-md-6 mx-auto">
              <div class="card">
                <div class="card-header text-black">
                  <h2>User Registration</h2>
                </div>
                <div class="card-body">
                    <div class="row">
                       <div class="col-lg-6">
                        <a type="button" class="btn btn-block" href="{% url 'student_register' %}">I am a student</a>
                       </div>
                       <div class="col-lg-6">
                        <a type="button" class="btn btn-block" href="{% url 'teacher_register' %}">I am an teacher</a>
                       </div>
                    </div>
                  </form>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </section>
  
</body>
</html>

student_register.html:
- The student_register.html file specifies the appearance of the student register web page. And the following is the code of student_register.html file.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>Student Registration</title>
</head>

<body>

    <h2> Student Registeration Form</h2>
    <form action="{% url 'student_register' %}" method="POST" novalidate>
        {% csrf_token %}
        {{form.as_p}}
        <input type="submit" value="Register" class="btn btn-block btn-primary">
</body>

</html>

teacher_register.html:
- The teacher_register.html file specifies the appearance of the teacher register web page. And the following is the code of teacher_register.html file.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
  <title>Teacher Registration</title>
</head>

<body>
  <h2>Teacher Registeration Form</h2>
  <form action="{% url 'teacher_register' %}" method="POST" novalidate>
    {% csrf_token %}
    {{form.as_p}}
    <input type="submit" value="Register" class="btn btn-block btn-primary">
</body>

</html>

Steps to execute Django Application

MAKE MIGRATIONS:

If the models have been modified, this command prepares a makemigrations file for our new model. Run the following command in the terminal.

python manage.py makemigartions

MIGRATE:

The migrate command executes the instructions given in the database’s recent migrations file. Run the following command in the terminal.

python manage.py migrate

RUN SERVER:

To run the development server run the following command in the terminal.

python manage.py runserver

Output

multiple model login system in python django — Home Page Multiple Model Login System

On home page we have two options Register and Login. If you are new user click on ‘Register’. And if you are already register click on ‘Login’.

multiple model login system in django python — Register Page

When we click on Register, we get two options ‘I am a student’ and ‘I am a teacher’. If you are a student click on student ones otherwise click on teacher ones.

django multiple model login system — Student Registration

If you click on ‘I am a Student’ you will get page like this.

python django multiple model login system — Student Login

When you click on Register, page will look like that.

When we click on Logout, we move to home page.

login python django multiple model login system — Login Page

When we click on Login, we will move to login page. And when you click on Login you will move again to Home Page with your username and Hi.

If you click on I am a teacher.

register django multiple model login system — Teacher Register

You will move to the teacher_register page where teacher get register.

python django login system with multiple model — Home Page of Teacher

You will move to the Home page where you will get teacher username and Hi message. And If you click Logout button, you will move to main Home page, where we have two options either Register or Login.

You may also like to read the following Django tutorials.

In this Python Django Tutorial, we discussed the Login System in Python Django. Also, we discuss the following list of topics.

Login System in Python Django
How to create Django built-in login system
How to create Django customize login system
How to create Django multiple model login system

Bijay Kumar

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