Create a Dictionary of Lists in Python

python dictionary of lists

I started working with Python more than a decade ago, and one of the most useful data structures I discovered was the dictionary of lists. At first, I used Python dictionaries only for simple key-value pairs. But as my projects grew, I needed a way to store multiple values under a single key. That’s when … Read more >>

Remove Duplicates from a Dictionary in Python

remove duplicates from dictionary python

Recently, while working on a project in Python, I faced an issue where my Python dictionary contained duplicate values. In many real-world data cleaning tasks, duplicate values in a dictionary can cause reporting errors or skewed results. So, in this tutorial, I’ll show you four simple methods to remove duplicates from a dictionary in Python. … Read more >>

Remove Newlines From a String in Python (and the \r Trap)

Python remove newlines from a string: the Command Prompt showing carriage returns left behind by replace

To remove a newline from a string in Python, there are two different jobs, and picking the wrong one is why newlines keep coming back: If your text came from a file, a web page or a Windows machine, only that last line is reliable. The reason is \r\n, and it is covered below. Every … Read more >>

Print Characters in a String Separated by Space in Python

python split string by space

As a Python developer, while working on a project, I often had to manipulate strings for formatting and text-processing tasks. One of the simplest but surprisingly common requirements is printing the characters of a string separated by spaces. At first glance, this may look trivial, but when you deal with user inputs, data cleaning, or … Read more >>

Count Numbers in a String Using Python

python string count

One of the common tasks I faced while working with Python was extracting and counting numbers hidden inside a string. At first glance, it sounds simple. But when you actually try to count numbers in a string, you quickly realize there are multiple approaches in Python, each with its own benefits. In this tutorial, I’ll … Read more >>

Python File Does Not Exist Exception

python file does not exist

When I was working with files in Python, one of the most common errors I faced was the File Does Not Exist exception. If you’ve ever tried to open a file that wasn’t there, you’ve likely seen the dreaded FileNotFoundError. It can be frustrating, especially when you’re building something important like a log processor, a … Read more >>

How to Use Escape Sequences in Python

escape sequence in python

When I first started coding in Python more than a decade ago, I often ran into small but frustrating issues. One of them was printing text with quotes, new lines, or special characters. At that time, I didn’t know about escape sequences in Python. Once I learned them, it made my code cleaner and easier … Read more >>

Matplotlib Errorbar with Horizontal Line in Python

Python Matplotlib Errorbar with Horizontal Line

Recently, I was working on a Python project where I had to visualize some experimental data with error bars and also emphasize a reference value using a horizontal line. At first, I thought Matplotlib might have a built-in option for combining error bars with horizontal lines. But after a bit of exploration, I realized we … Read more >>

Add Horizontal Line in Matplotlib Subplots

Horizontal Line in Matplotlib Subplots

While I was working on a Python project, I needed to highlight certain thresholds across multiple charts. I was using Matplotlib subplots to show different datasets side by side, and I wanted to add a horizontal line in each subplot to mark a reference value. At first, I thought there would be a quick one-click … Read more >>

Plot Multiple Horizontal Lines in Matplotlib using Python

Multiple Horizontal Lines in Matplotlib using Python

When I first started working with Python for data visualization, I often needed to highlight thresholds or reference levels in my charts. One of the simplest ways to do this is by adding horizontal lines. I’ve used horizontal lines in Matplotlib countless times. Whether I was analyzing stock prices, visualizing air quality data, or building … Read more >>